Process of abating foaminess in glue



Patented 24, 1931- D TES- LAWRENCE BW, OF BAINIBRIDGE, NEW YORK PROCESS OF ALBATING FOAMINESS IN GLUE No Drawing. Application filed June 19,

It is known that adhesive bases containing casein, vegetable proteinous matter and the like, in admixture with lime and alkaline salts tend to deteriorate on long storage, especially when subjected to conditions of'extreme heat or humidity. This deterioration of the 'gluebase usually takes place slowly over a period of several months and its progress is marked by changes in the physical character of the glue prepared from it by mixing with water.

When, for instance, a freshly prepared gluebase having the composition shown in Example 1 is mixed with an appropriate amount of water and stirred as directed, the resulting product is a uniform, smoothly flowing, cohesive, lustrous and semi-transparent glue of pleasing appearance. On the other hand, the same glue-base in the early stages of de terioration, when similarly mixed with the same amount of water tends to dissolve more slowly and less completely; the resulting product is inferior in mobility, cohesiveness and lustre, it may have the appearance of a fine, granular suspension and is usually foamy. Such glues do not spread readily, and when applied to wood-veneers and the like give inferior joints. The foaming tendency is frequently observed in casein glues, seed meal glues and composite glues of this general type. Foaming may sometimes result also when stale ingredients (e. g. vegetable proteinous matter such as the pulverized oil-seed cakes of commerce which have become rancid) are incorporated in the freshly mixed glue base.

This defect is known to glue users, usually bieing more pronounced in the case of old g ues.

The present invention relates to a method of abating the foaming tendency and improving the general character of such glues. It consists in adding to the glue a specifically heavy liquid which is practically insoluble in water, such as carbon tetrachloride or ethylene dichloride, preferably together with a small amount of a phenolic substance such as phenol or cresol or their sodium compounds,

sodium phenate and sodium cresylate. The carbon tetrachloride acts as a foam abater while the phenolic compound acts as a clari- 1929. Serial No. 372,217.

fying agent, improving the physical appearance and cohesiveness of the glue, and may be regarded as an auxiliary in the abatement of foam. 1

The amount of carbon tetrachloride or ethylene dichloride added may vary from about 1% to 4% by Weight of the glue-base employed, while that of the phenolic compound may vary from about 0.5 to 1.5%. On an average glue, about 8% of the former and 0.5% of the latter have been found to give satisfactory results.

These compounds are preferably added to the water in which the glue-base is to be dissolved.

As an example of the method of carrying out the invention the following is cited:

Ea'am-ple 1.-A glue base consisting of about 40% milk casein, 38% finely ground peanut meal, 11% hydrated lime, 4% tri-sodium phosphate and 7% sodium fluoride, after remaining in storage for four months was found to have deteriorated, as shown by the fact that on mixing with-the usual proportion of water (viz. 100 parts of glue base to 230 parts of Water) and stirring in the usual way, the resulting glue was inferior to that originally obtained by similar treatment of the glue-base on the day the latter was prepared from the fresh ingredients. The glue originally obtained by mixing the freshly prepared glue-base with water was a free-flowing, cohesive product of good appearance, whereas the same glue-base after an interval of four months, on mixing with water gave a foamy glue of poor appearance, grainy and lacking in fluidity. These glues were made by placing about 230 parts of water in a vessel provided with an efiicient stirrer, adding thereto 100 parts of the gluebase and stirring for 20 minutes, In another test, about 3 parts by weight of carbon tetrachloride and one-half part by weight of cresol were mixed into the water before the addition of the stale glue-base, which was 95 then added and the mixture stirred for 20 minutes. The glue thus obtained was much superior to that produced from the same base without the addition of carbon tetrachloride and cresol, and was virtually. equal 100 in general character and adhesive strength to that made from the original, fresh base with water alone. A similarresult was obtained when an equivalent amount of sodium cresylate was substituted for cresol.

I claim: 7

1. A process of abating foaminess in mixing a glue base with water, said glue base containing proteinous material, lime and alkali, which process comprises adding to the water a small percentage of a liquid chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon which is substantially insoluble in water, thereafter adding the glue base to the-water and stirring.

2. A process of abating foaminess in mixing a glue base with water, said glue base containing proteinous material, lime and alkali, which process comprises adding to the water asmall percentage of a liquid chlorinated aliphatic "hydrocarbon which is substantially insoluble inwater, and a small percentage of a phenolic substance, there after adding the glue base to the water and stirring.

3. A process of abating foaininess in mix ing a glue base with water, said glue base contaming proteinousmaterial, lime" and alkali, which process-comprises adding to the water a small percentage of carbon tetrachloride and thereafter adding the glue base to the water and stirring.

4. A process of abating foaminess in mixing a glue base with water, said glue base containing vproteinous material, lime and alkali, which process comprises adding to the water a small percentage of carbon tetra chloride and cresol and thereafter adding I the glue base to the water and stirring.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

' LAWRENCE BRADSHAW. 

